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PHP Arrays
PHP ArraysAn array stores multiple values in one single variable. What is an Array?A variable is a storage area holding a number or text. The problem is, a variable will hold only one value. An array is a special variable, which can store multiple values in one single variable. If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could look like this:
However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you had not 3 cars, but 300? The best solution here is to use an array! An array can hold all your variable values under a single name. And you can access the values by referring to the array name. Each element in the array has its own index so that it can be easily accessed. In PHP, there are three kind of arrays:
Numeric ArraysA numeric array stores each array element with a numeric index. There are two methods to create a numeric array. 1. In the following example the index are automatically assigned (the index starts at 0):
2. In the following example we assign the index manually:
ExampleIn the following example you access the variable values by referring to the array name and index:
The code above will output:
Associative ArraysAn associative array, each ID key is associated with a value. When storing data about specific named values, a numerical array is not always the best way to do it. With associative arrays we can use the values as keys and assign values to them. Example 1In this example we use an array to assign ages to the different persons:
Example 2This example is the same as example 1, but shows a different way of creating the array:
The ID keys can be used in a script:
The code above will output:
Multidimensional ArraysIn a multidimensional array, each element in the main array can also be an array. And each element in the sub-array can be an array, and so on. ExampleIn this example we create a multidimensional array, with automatically assigned ID keys:
The array above would look like this if written to the output:
Example 2Lets try displaying a single value from the array above:
The code above will output:
Complete PHP Array ReferenceFor a complete reference of all array functions, go to our complete PHP Array Reference. The reference contains a brief description, and examples of use, for each function! |
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